L'Annunziata M. Radioactivity. History, Science, Vital Uses...3ed 2022
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L'Annunziata M. Radioactivity. History, Science, Vital Uses...3ed 2022
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Radioactivity: History, Science, Vital Uses and Ominous Peril, Third Edition provides an introduction to radioactivity, the building blocks of matter, the fundamental forces in nature, and the role of quarks and force carrier particles. This new edition adds material on the dichotomy between the peaceful applications of radioactivity and the threat to the continued existence of human life from the potential use of more powerful and sophisticated nuclear weapons. The book includes a current review of studies on the probability of nuclear war and treaties, nonproliferation and disarmament, along with historical insights into the achievements of over 100 pioneers and Nobel Laureates. Through multiple worked examples, the book answers many questions for the student, teacher and practitioner as to the origins, properties and practical applications of radioactivity in fields such as medicine, biological and environmental research, industry, safe nuclear power free of greenhouse gases and nuclear fusion.
Dedication
Foreword
Preface to the first edition
Preface to the second edition
Preface to the third edition
About the author
Acronyms, abbreviations and symbols
Prologue A: Radioactivity/Nuclear Technology and our Well-being
History of discovery
Birth of Modern Physics: from the discovery of radioactivity to the discovery of the proton, electron, and atomic nucleus
Birth of Quantum Physics: from Planck’s quantum to Einstein’s photon, de Broglie’s wave-particle duality, and Stern and Gerlach’s electron spin states
Revelations in Nuclear Decay Processes: from Soddy’s displacement law to Pauli’s neutrino in beta decay
Discoveries on the Interaction of Radiation with Matter: from X-ray diffraction to the Compton Effect
Era of Cherenkov Radiation Discoveries: from the discovery of Cherenkov radiation to the characterization of the Cherenkov Effect
Era of Cosmic Radiation Discoveries: from the discovery of cosmic rays to the component particles and properties of cosmic radiation showers
Nuclear Era: from the discovery of the neutron to nuclear fission, nuclear energy, and nuclear nonproliferation
Breakthroughs in Nuclear Properties, Nuclear Stability, and Accelerators: from magic numbers to magnetic resonance, and the discovery of the antinucleons
Era of Particle Physics and the Role of Fundamental Particles in Beta Decay: from the discovery of particles, advances in our understanding of particle interactions and beta decay to the structure of matter
Elements of nuclear and radiation physics
Basic Concepts and Definitions
Alpha Radiation
Beta Radiation and Beta Decay
Electromagnetic Radiation: photons
Neutron Radiation
Atomic Electron Radiation
Cosmic Radiation
Cherenkov Radiation
Radionuclide Decay, Radioactivity Units, and Radionuclide Mass
The Atomic Nucleus
Epilogue: the threat of nuclear weapons
Appendix A: Particle rangee—energy correlations
Appendix B: Derivation of the Lorentz transformations
References
Index