L'Annunziata M. Radioactivity. History, Science, Vital Uses...3ed 2022

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L'Annunziata M. Radioactivity. History, Science, Vital Uses...3ed 2022

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Textbook in PDF format Radioactivity: History, Science, Vital Uses and Ominous Peril, Third Edition provides an introduction to radioactivity, the building blocks of matter, the fundamental forces in nature, and the role of quarks and force carrier particles. This new edition adds material on the dichotomy between the peaceful applications of radioactivity and the threat to the continued existence of human life from the potential use of more powerful and sophisticated nuclear weapons. The book includes a current review of studies on the probability of nuclear war and treaties, nonproliferation and disarmament, along with historical insights into the achievements of over 100 pioneers and Nobel Laureates. Through multiple worked examples, the book answers many questions for the student, teacher and practitioner as to the origins, properties and practical applications of radioactivity in fields such as medicine, biological and environmental research, industry, safe nuclear power free of greenhouse gases and nuclear fusion. Dedication Foreword Preface to the first edition Preface to the second edition Preface to the third edition About the author Acronyms, abbreviations and symbols Prologue A: Radioactivity/Nuclear Technology and our Well-being History of discovery Birth of Modern Physics: from the discovery of radioactivity to the discovery of the proton, electron, and atomic nucleus Birth of Quantum Physics: from Planck’s quantum to Einstein’s photon, de Broglie’s wave-particle duality, and Stern and Gerlach’s electron spin states Revelations in Nuclear Decay Processes: from Soddy’s displacement law to Pauli’s neutrino in beta decay Discoveries on the Interaction of Radiation with Matter: from X-ray diffraction to the Compton Effect Era of Cherenkov Radiation Discoveries: from the discovery of Cherenkov radiation to the characterization of the Cherenkov Effect Era of Cosmic Radiation Discoveries: from the discovery of cosmic rays to the component particles and properties of cosmic radiation showers Nuclear Era: from the discovery of the neutron to nuclear fission, nuclear energy, and nuclear nonproliferation Breakthroughs in Nuclear Properties, Nuclear Stability, and Accelerators: from magic numbers to magnetic resonance, and the discovery of the antinucleons Era of Particle Physics and the Role of Fundamental Particles in Beta Decay: from the discovery of particles, advances in our understanding of particle interactions and beta decay to the structure of matter Elements of nuclear and radiation physics Basic Concepts and Definitions Alpha Radiation Beta Radiation and Beta Decay Electromagnetic Radiation: photons Neutron Radiation Atomic Electron Radiation Cosmic Radiation Cherenkov Radiation Radionuclide Decay, Radioactivity Units, and Radionuclide Mass The Atomic Nucleus Epilogue: the threat of nuclear weapons Appendix A: Particle rangee—energy correlations Appendix B: Derivation of the Lorentz transformations References Index